Internal Combustion Engine

Interactive four-stroke cycle demonstration

Spark plug Intake Exhaust Crankshaft Air + Fuel Exhaust TDC
Slow Fast
1. Intake stroke
The intake valve opens and the piston moves down, creating a vacuum that draws in a mixture of air and fuel from the intake manifold.
Piston
Fuel-air mix
Spark / Fire
Exhaust gas
Key terms
TDC — Top Dead Center
BDC — Bottom Dead Center
Stroke — Piston travel (TDC to BDC)
Cycle — 4 strokes = 2 crank revolutions